Over the past 10 years, there has been a marked increase in recognition of the interplay between the intestinal microbiome and the hematopoietic system. Despite their apparent distance in the body, a large literature now supports the relevance of the normal intestinal microbiota to steady-state blood production, affecting both hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as well as differentiated immune cells. Microbial metabolites enter the circulation where they can trigger cytokine signaling that influences hematopoiesis. Furthermore, the state of the microbiome is now recognized to affect outcomes from hematopoietic stem cell transplant, immunotherapy, and cellular therapies for hematologic malignancies. Here we review the mechanisms by which microbiotas influence hematopoiesis in development and adulthood as well as the avenues by which microbiotas are thought to impact stem cell transplant engraftment, graft-versus-host disease, and efficacy of cell and immunotherapies. We highlight areas of future research that may lead to reduced adverse effects of antibiotic use and improved outcomes for patients with hematologic conditions.
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April 25, 2024
Blood and guts: how the intestinal microbiome shapes hematopoiesis and treatment of hematologic disease
Josaura Fernandez Sanchez,
Josaura Fernandez Sanchez
1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
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Arushana A. Maknojia,
Arushana A. Maknojia
2Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Katherine Y. King
Katherine Y. King
2Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
3Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
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Blood (2024) 143 (17): 1689–1701.
Article history
Submitted:
December 4, 2023
Accepted:
February 5, 2024
First Edition:
February 16, 2024
Citation
Josaura Fernandez Sanchez, Arushana A. Maknojia, Katherine Y. King; Blood and guts: how the intestinal microbiome shapes hematopoiesis and treatment of hematologic disease. Blood 2024; 143 (17): 1689–1701. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2023021174
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